The most significant Methodone feature is its exactly identical pharmacodynamics and methodone mechanism of action as that of morphine in equipotent (equianalgesic) doses. Methodone is an agonist with diphenyl structure (2 phenyl rings at the center). The psychological behaviour of methadone addiction is not as markedly abnormal as that of other pure agonists like heroin, […]
Flumazenil is the first specific benzodiazepine antagonist, used as a specific antidote in known or suspected benzodiazepine overdose treatment . In addition, flumazenil could be employed to reverse sedation produced by benzodiazepines during general anesthesia and prolonged sedation in intensive care units. Flumazenil is a specific and competitive antagonist at the central benzodiazepine receptor, reversing
Acupuncture physiotherapy pain reduction technique is an ancient Chinese modality used for various chronic painful conditions, in addition to non pain related problems like acute asthma, chronic sinusitis, etc. The human body has a life force or energy flowing — Chi. This life force is flowing through various channels — Meridians. The life force (Chi)
Midazolam use is helpful with hypnotic amnesic during maintenance of general anesthesia. It proved superior to thiopental because fewer adjuvant anesthetics are required to maintain an acceptable depth of anesthesia. Midazolam use , however, cannot be implemented alone to maintain adequate anesthesia. It may be used with inhalational drugs as well. The MAC of halothane
Etomidate dosage may be viewed as an alternative to propofol or barbiturates for the IV induction of anaesthesia, especially in the presence of an unstable cardiovascular system. After a standard induction dose of 0.2 to 0.4 mg/kg IV, the onset of unconsciousness occurs within one arm-to-brain circulation time. Involuntary myoclonic movements are common during the
Propofol has a chemical structure similar to that of phenol-based free radical scavengers such as vitamin E, and reduces free radicals. This Propofol antioxidant may directly intervene at the critical phase of reperfusion injury by reducing free radicals, Ca 2+ influx and neutrophil activity. Oxygen leads to the formation of free oxygen radicals which react
Beta blockade prior to instituting other vasodilator drugs in aortic dessection management is essential. The following case presentation demonstates the importance of beta blockade in Aortic dissection management. A 44-year-old man whose only past medical history consists of hypertension and unilateral cataracts presents to his local emergency department with the acute onset of severe tearing
Midazolam drug interactions should be taken into account before administering this medication. The hypnotic effect of IV Midazolam and the risk of apnoea are accentuated by premedication, particularly narcotics (e.g., morphine, meperidine and fentanyl), secobarbital, and the droperidol-fentanyl combination. Consequently, the midazolam drug interactions should be adjusted according to the type and amount of premedication
Oxygenation capacity is the volume of oxygen at standard pressure and temperature carried by 100 mL of blood after saturation with room air. Oxygenation capacity includes the oxygen in combination with haemoglobin (1.39 mL/g) and oxygen in solution in plasma (0.3 mL). It should also be mentioned that most of the oxygen that dissolves in
John Mayow of Oxford in 1674 first observed that a component of air is essential for respiration and fire. Stephen Hale prepared oxygen along with other gases in 1927, thus making a memorable mark in the history of oxygen . Discovery, importance and history of oxygen are credited to Priestly (1777), who named it as
