The anesthesiologist should know that the essential element of an “anesthetic” for an Awake Craniotomy Anesthesia is the surgeon’s local anesthetic technique. Craniotomy is required for removal of space occupying lesions, intracranial vascular pathologies and for drainage of extradural or intradural haematoma. Most important postoperative considerations are regulation of patient’s ICP status, maintenance of cerebral […]
Introduction to Obesity and its Challenges Obesity is a complex, multifactorial health condition characterized by an excessive amount of body fat, significantly impacting an individual’s overall health and well-being. Defined by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher, obesity has reached alarming prevalence rates worldwide, becoming a major public health concern. The World
What is Chloroform Chloroform is a very toxic compound, which was used in the past as an anesthetic agent. Chloroform use in anesthesia is only of historical value, although it still has some applications outside the medical practice. It was available as a liquid in bottles that would be poured on to a cloth and
Understanding Granisetron’s Use in Anesthesia for Nausea and Vomiting When undergoing anesthesia, one of the common side effects that patients may experience is nausea and vomiting. These unpleasant symptoms can not only cause discomfort but also delay the recovery process. To alleviate this, healthcare professionals may administer medications like granisetron. In this article, we will
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One of the most dreaded Halothane Complications is hepatic injury. There are two types, the first which is a transient sub clinical type with increases in liver enzymes. Halothane Complications may occur due to decreased hepatic blood flow and reductive biotransformation. Secondly, fatal hepatic necrosis may occur up to one month after exposure. The National Halothane
Below is an answer to the simple question what is sleep? What is Sleep? Physiologically, sleep is regarded as absence of wakefulness, where the responses to environmental stimuli are greatly reduced. But, in fact, it is an active state, related to definite anatomic structures as well to specific biogenic amines. Yet, its exact mechanism is
Some of the Enflurane side effects are studied below. There is a narrow margin of safety between adequate anaesthesia, unacceptable hypotension and myocardial depression. One of the enflurane side effects includes the seizure activity is rare and without sequelae. Hepatic dysfunction is rare but cross sensitization with other volatile inhalation agents possible. With prolonged anaesthesia
Desflurane inhalation agent was synthesized by Dr Terell (1992) among 600 compounds. Desflurane inhalation agent is a halogenated ether. It has the lowest blood/gas solubility coefficient amongst all inhalation agents, including N20, hence quick induction and recovery. Et does not contain chlorine or bromine, so it does not deplete ozone layer in the atmosphere. Physical
There is rapid desflurane induction of anesthesia because of low solubility in blood, but a mask induction may produce coughing, breath holding, secretions and desaturation. Also the high initial percentage of desflurane induction may cause tachycardia and hypertension due to sympathetic effects. It is not recommended for inhalation induction. Recovery from desflurane induction is faster
Desflurane is an inhalational agent used in anesthesia that is similar to isoflurane except the chlorine atom of isoflurane is replaced by fluorine atom which produces significant changes in physical properties. Physical Properties of Desflurane : It is colorless liquid. Pungent odor, so induction is not pleasant. Vapor pressure of Desflurane is very high (681
