Intubation contraindications can be divided into those Both Nasal and Oral lntubation and those for Nasal Intubation. Both Nasal and Oral lntubation Contraindications • Laryngeal edema. • Epiglottitis. • Laryngotracheobronchitis This is one among the important Intubation Contraindications. In these conditions the airway is already compromised giving very little place for the endotracheal Tube to
The history of anesthesia is very old. Anesthesia was used even in the ancient societies of the oldest civilizations wherein opium extracts, alcohol, coca leaves and other plant products were used. Even regional anesthesia in the form of compression on the nerve trunks, application of cold or use of crude local anesthetics was done in
A rapid Isoflurane inhalation induction is possible with isoflurane because of low blood/gas solubility coefficient. It has a pungent odour, patients complain of burning sensation in the airway though there is no increase in airway reflexes or secretions. So a smoother induction is seen with halothane or sevoflurane which are preferred for inhalational induction. Recovery:
The anesthesiologist should know that the essential element of an “anesthetic” for an Awake Craniotomy Anesthesia is the surgeon’s local anesthetic technique. Craniotomy is required for removal of space occupying lesions, intracranial vascular pathologies and for drainage of extradural or intradural haematoma. Most important postoperative considerations are regulation of patient’s ICP status, maintenance of cerebral
Laryngeal Mask Airway or LMA was discovered by Archies Brain so also called as a Brain Mask. LMA are special type of airways which are useful in difficult intubation. It is placed blindly in the oropharynx and the cuff is inflated with large volume of air tat is about 30 to 40 ml for a
Many common critical care drugs are among the safe drugs during pregnancy, whereas some should be used with caution and others avoided entirely. When treating pregnant patients, it is the physician’s responsibility to treat the mother as the primary patient. Fetal considerations are secondary to ensuring maternal well-being because maternal demise will generally result in
Patients with primary neurodegenerative undergoing Anesthesia in Neurological Disease (Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s chorea, Alzheimer’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ) or demyelinating diseases (Guillain-Barre’ syndrome, multiple sclerosis, myeloneuropathies) suffer from progressive and sometimes incurable neurologic impairment, neuromuscular involvement, dysautonomia and pulmonary insufficiency. Elective surgery should be scheduled to coincide with periods of remission along with right application
Methoxyflurane Anesthesia is a halogenated hydrocarbon now obsolete. Physical properties: Colorless, fruity liquid, non-flammable, boiling point of 104°C, blood/gas coefficient 13, oil /gas 825, VP 25 mm Hg, MAC 0.2%, metabolism 50-75%. Methoxyflurane Anesthesia is metabolized to dichloroacetic acid and methoxydifluoro acetic acid and fluoride in high amount which proved nephrotoxic; due to this it
Total dead space (Physiological dead space) = Anatomical dead space + Alveolar dead space. Anatomical Dead Space It is constituted by air which is not participating in diffusion. Therefore it is constituted by air present in nose, trachea and bronchial tree (up to terminal bronchioles). Normally it is 30% of tidal volume or 2 ml/kg or 150 ml. Anatomical dead
Anatomical dead space and its Anesthetic implications Read More »
Charle’s Law: A Fundamental Gas Law What is Charle’s Law? Charle’s Law is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics that describes how gases behave under varying conditions of temperature and volume. Formulated by Jacques Charles in the late 18th century, this law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature,
