Some of the Enflurane side effects are studied below. There is a narrow margin of safety between adequate anaesthesia, unacceptable hypotension and myocardial depression. One of the enflurane side effects includes the seizure activity is rare and without sequelae. Hepatic dysfunction is rare but cross sensitization with other volatile inhalation agents possible. With prolonged anaesthesia […]
Pethidine injection is a synthetic morphine like analgesic. this opioid medication has about one tenth as powerful compared to morphine. This drug has sedative and tranquilizing effects also. It may cause euphoria and sleepiness. Unlike morphine it tends to relax smooth muscles and thus relieves most types of pain associated with plain muscle spasm. But
Isoflurane volatile anesthetic is a halogenated methyl ethyl ether, which is a racemic mixture. It is very stable at room temperature, soda-lime and UV light. It has an ethereal odour and is irritating to the respiratory tract and not epileptiform. Metabolism 0.2% Physical properties: Isoflurane volatile anesthetic has a bp of 48.5°C similar to halothane,
Cardiovascular effects of inhalation anesthetics occur on all aspects of cardiovascular function, namely, inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic and lusitropic state of the heart. Their effects are as follows: a) Myocardial b) Coronary circulation c) Conduction d) Circulation Cardiovascular effects of inhalation anesthetics produce dose-related myodial depression of LV, RV and LA contractility as well LV diastolic
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Apart from the traditional tubes used for endotracheal intubation, other tubes like R.A.E tube, Endotrol tube and Double lumen tube. R.A.E. tube : The R.A.E. tube is named after the name of 3 scientists — Ring, Adair and Elwyn. R.A.E tube is of two types: • South facing: Used for upper cleft lip and cleft
What is Chloroform Chloroform is a very toxic compound, which was used in the past as an anesthetic agent. Chloroform use in anesthesia is only of historical value, although it still has some applications outside the medical practice. It was available as a liquid in bottles that would be poured on to a cloth and
Functioning of Isoflurane cerebral blood flow is discussed here. Isoflurane reduces cerebral metabolism and so the oxygen consumption is reduced. At 1 MAC there is a 23% reduction in CMRO2. Isoflurane cerebral blood flow is not associated with seizure activity as opposed to Enflurane. The EEG shows progressive development of slow waves after an initial
Some of the Sevoflurane respiratory effects include that there is no irritation to the airway, least among inhalation agents, this makes it suitable for inhalational induction, the low blood/gas solubility aids faster induction. Sevoflurane respiratory effects include respiratory depression, reduces minute ventilation, tidal volume and ventilatory response to CO2. Sevoflurane abolishes hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in
Endotracheal intubation complications can be intraoperative, postoperative or delayed. The following are the immediate intubation complications that are commonly seen: Esophageal intubation: This is a hazardous complication. Can be done as a mistake. If not detected in time can cause severe hypoxia and even death. This can be easily be detected by measuring carbon dioxide
Flow Volume Loops are more sensitive and informative in detecting pulmonary diseases than conventional spirometry. Modem microprocessor controlled recording spirometers automatically generate these flow volume loops. The following are the parameters that are assessed in the Flow volume loops. TV= Tidal volume IRV = Inspiratory reserve volume IC = Inspiratory capacity ERV = Expiratory reserve
