The growth is reflected in the specialty of Neuroanesthesia Monitoring . These advances result in an abundance of data on which the treating physician can base his clinical decision. Every branch of medicine is advancing at a fast pace with the introduction of newer diagnostic modalities, treatment options and identification of more reliable prognostic indicators. […]
Many common critical care drugs are among the safe drugs during pregnancy, whereas some should be used with caution and others avoided entirely. When treating pregnant patients, it is the physician’s responsibility to treat the mother as the primary patient. Fetal considerations are secondary to ensuring maternal well-being because maternal demise will generally result in
The Poynting effect refers to the phenomenon where mixing of liquid nitrous oxide at low pressure with oxygen at high pressure (in Entonox) leads to formation of gas of nitrous oxide. So oxygen and nitrous oxide both are present in gaseous state in Entonox cylinder. In anesthesia practice the Poynting effect is seen in the
Desflurane mechanism of action is briefly studied. There is a dose-dependent suppression of EEG, at MAC greater than 1.66 the LEG becomes isoelectric. There is no evidence of epileptiform activity. It decreases the amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials. There is a dose-dependent decrease in cerebral metabolism and cerebral vasodilatation. Cerebral autoregulation is impaired similar to
Halothane cardiovascular effect plays a critical role. The main haemodynamic effect is a reduction in blood pressure secondary to a fall in cardiac output, reduced cardiac contractility and stroke volume, due to alterations in Ca-metabolism and a reduction in intracellular calcium. So, the coronary blood flow is reduced. The heart rate often falls due to
Neuroleptanalgesia Neuroleptanalgesia is method of IV anesthesia which combines at neuroleptic drug with opioid analgesic drug. The most favored combination is neuroleptic droperidol and the analgesic fentanyl. The combination used neuroleptanalgesia induces state which is different from usual general anesthesia. Because the patient is awake during surgery and is cooperative during the operative and surgical
Halothane Malignant hyperthermia syndrome may be triggered by halothane, it is an autosomal dominant inherited condition. There is a massive release of intracellular calcium from the sarcoplasm of the muscle. An increased metabolism results in rise in temperature of 2°C per hour, severe acidzsis, rhabdomyolysis, with associated hyperkalaemia. Mortality is 70%. Treatment is by active
There are several disadvantages of disadvantages of carbon dioxide : • High concentration causes narcosis. • It increases the cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure. • It stimulates sympathetic nervous system, which may be dangerous in some patients already having systemic hypertension or myocardial ischaemia. • It sensitizes myocardium to externally administered catecholamines. • It
Hepatotoxicily has been seen since the introduction of anesthetics. Chloroform and trichloroethylene have been abandoned for toxicity of inhalational anesthesia . The toxicity may be intrinsic as seen with Chloroform or acetaminophen. Halothane exhibits an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction to a drug metabolite protein. The toxicity of inhalational anesthesia with the incidence of liver injury is Halothane> Isoflurane
Introduction to Obesity and its Challenges Obesity is a complex, multifactorial health condition characterized by an excessive amount of body fat, significantly impacting an individual’s overall health and well-being. Defined by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher, obesity has reached alarming prevalence rates worldwide, becoming a major public health concern. The World
