Desflurane undergoes very little desflurane metabolism because of low blood/gas and low blood/tissue solubility. However, 0.02% is metabolized during desflurane metabolism with the production of trifluoroacetic acid which may interact with hepatic proteins and induce an immune response in susceptible patients. Previous exposure to halothane may produce antibodies. In desflurane metabolism , the elimination is almost exclusively by […]
Desflurane inhalation agent was synthesized by Dr Terell (1992) among 600 compounds. Desflurane inhalation agent is a halogenated ether. It has the lowest blood/gas solubility coefficient amongst all inhalation agents, including N20, hence quick induction and recovery. Et does not contain chlorine or bromine, so it does not deplete ozone layer in the atmosphere. Physical
The physiologic changes in pregnancy occur in response to fetal development and eventual delivery. It is incumbent on the intensive care physician to have an understanding of the normal variants that occur in pregnancy to correctly interpret diagnostic tests and effectively treat clinical conditions. Some changes that occur in pregnancy include the following. Endocrine changes
Desflurane is an inhalational agent used in anesthesia that is similar to isoflurane except the chlorine atom of isoflurane is replaced by fluorine atom which produces significant changes in physical properties. Physical Properties of Desflurane : It is colorless liquid. Pungent odor, so induction is not pleasant. Vapor pressure of Desflurane is very high (681
Some disadvantages of volatile anesthetics are listed here. • Poor oxygen availability is one of the disadvantages of volatile anesthetics ; hypoxic insults are poorly tolerated due to dilution of air-oxygen mixture by ethe’ vapour. • Patient breathes dry air because water vapour in the air condenses on the mask due to low temperature because
Halothane Malignant hyperthermia syndrome may be triggered by halothane, it is an autosomal dominant inherited condition. There is a massive release of intracellular calcium from the sarcoplasm of the muscle. An increased metabolism results in rise in temperature of 2°C per hour, severe acidzsis, rhabdomyolysis, with associated hyperkalaemia. Mortality is 70%. Treatment is by active
What is Tidal Volume? Tidal volume (VT) is a fundamental parameter in respiratory physiology, representing the amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled during a typical breathing cycle. It is a crucial aspect of pulmonary function that aids in understanding an individual’s respiratory health. Tidal volume is measured in milliliters (mL) and varies among
Isoflurane renal effects are minimal, only 0.2% metabolites are excreted in the urine and fluoride excretion is minimal. In patients for renal transplantation where there is a risk of arrhythmia, due to alteration in plasma electrolyte concentration, release of renin and catecholamines; there is hemodynamic stability. Skeletal muscle tone is reduced to a greater extent
Cyclopropane is an anesthetic inhalational agent. It is a liquid agent stored in orange colored cylinders at 75 psi and delivered as gas. Among other halogenated inhalational agents used in anesthesia, Cyclopropane is one which is stored in cylinders at room temperature. Some of the important properties and characteristics of it are discussed below. • It is
Capnography is the continuous measurement of end tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) and its waveform. The normal recording from a Capnography is between 32 to 42 mmHg (3 to 4 mmHg less than arterial pCO2 which is 35 to 45 mmHg). Capnography works on the principle that infrared light is absorbed by carbon dioxide. And this
