Boyle’s law is an important gas law that states that at a constant temperature, the volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas. This means that when the temperature of a gas is kept constant, the relationship between Volume and pressure of a gas is inverse. Another way to put tis law
The Non Rebreather Masks are the masks that do not allow rebreathing of the gases to take place when a patient is ventilated or he takes spontaneous breaths while the mask is being held. These masks of Non Rebreather type need to have a very high flow of oxygen as most of the oxygen is being lost.
What is Buprenorphine injection? Is it an opiod? Buprenorphine is derived from the opium alkaloid thebaine and is closely related to morphine. It has powerful opiod agonist actions as well as partial opiod antagonist actions. It does not seem to cause addiction and physical dependence. Buprenorphine injection Potency It is a potent analgesic, 0.4 mg is equipotent
The kinetics of the anaesthetic agents during recovery from inhalant anesthesia are a reversal of the mechanism seen during induction. On cessation of anaesthetic agent, the fall in alveolar concentration is immediate. The gradient between venous blood and alveoli drives the anaesthetic into the alveoli. In terms of recovery from inhalant anesthesia , the poorly
Nitrous oxide induction agent is a weak anaesthetic agent and not suitable as a sole anaesthetic agent. Nitrous oxide induction agent is used to hasten inhalational induction of anaesthesia due to its “concentration and second gas effects”. There is a smooth and pleasant induction. The recovery from anaesthesia is rapid; however, a “diffusion hypoxia”
For Sevoflurane induction , the low blood/gas solubility and lack of pungency and irritant effects make it suitable for smooth inhalational induction of general anesthesia especially in children. Loss of consciousness occurs within 1 minute after a single breath induction. Breath holding, laryngospasm and arterial desaturation are uncommon. There is haemodynamic stability in case of
Cyclopropane is an anesthetic inhalational agent. It is a liquid agent stored in orange colored cylinders at 75 psi and delivered as gas. Among other halogenated inhalational agents used in anesthesia, Cyclopropane is one which is stored in cylinders at room temperature. Some of the important properties and characteristics of it are discussed below. • It is
Chloroform anesthesia is prepared from chloroform chemical formula and is a potent, pleasant, non-irritant anaesthetic agent, very popular in the early days of anaesthesia. Physical properties of Chloroform chemical formula are that, it is colourless, sweet odour, non flammable, bp 6 1°C, VP 80mm Hg, blood/gas coefficient 10.3, oil/gas 394, MAC 0.62, metabolism 50% to
Endotracheal intubation complications can be intraoperative, postoperative or delayed. The following are the immediate intubation complications that are commonly seen: Esophageal intubation: This is a hazardous complication. Can be done as a mistake. If not detected in time can cause severe hypoxia and even death. This can be easily be detected by measuring carbon dioxide
Desflurane cardiovascular effects are mentioned here. There is a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and peripheral vasodilatation. Cardiac depression, a dose-dependent tachycardia and fall in blood pressure are seen. Along with N20 this effect is minimal. Splanchnic and renal blood flow is preserved. Desflurane is a direct coronary vasodilator. A rapid increase in concentration of
