The purpose of preoxygenation of a patient before induction of general anesthesia and paralysis is to provide a maximum time that the patient can tolerate apnea. Normal oxygen consumption in a healthy adult is about 250 ml / min desaturations oxygen can occur as quickly as 30-60 seconds in a healthy adult with the FRC
The diaphragm function is the most important determinant of the depth of respiration especially the inspiration. The Diaphragm is the muscle that separates the thorax from the abdomen. It is a thin sheet like muscle that has the right and the left crura. The diaphragm act as a partition between the two major cavities of the
Ether effects all the systems of the body. A brief account is given below. Ether effects on Cardiovascular system: It does not depress myocardium rather it stimulates sympathetic system causing tachycardia and hypertension. Baroreceptor reflex is preserved with ether so ether can be used safely in patients with shock. Respiratory system: It does not depress respiration rather
Metabolism of volatile anesthetics is discussed here. Once thought to be chemically inert, inhalation agents, especially the older ones, undergo significant metabolism, bio-transformation and breakdown to potentially toxic intermediates. This process is affected by age, disease, drug interaction and genetics. Inhalation agents are administered in great excess of the amount metabolized unlike other drugs. For
Introduction to Pediatric Weight Calculation Calculating the body weight of pediatric patients is a crucial skill for healthcare providers, particularly in emergency situations. Accurate weight estimation not only facilitates proper medication dosing but also ensures appropriate fluid administration. To streamline this process, guidelines from both the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) program and the World
Body Weight Calculation in Pediatric Patients: PALS and WHO Guidelines Read More »
What is Nitrous oxide gas ? Nitrous oxide gas is a Gaseous Anesthetic agent. Nitrous oxide gas is a colorless, inorganic gas with a sweet taste. The oxygen in the nitrous oxide molecule is not available for tissue respiration as nitrous oxide does not undergo significant decomposition in the body. Nitrous oxide gas, if administered
One of the Sevoflurane cardiovascular effects is that the Sevoflurane has minimal effect on heart rate. There is a fall in systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure, but less than isoflurane. Also Sevoflurane cardiovascular effects are complex such as the pulmonary arterial pressure is also reduced. There is a lesser depression of left ventricular systolic
Introduction to Obesity and its Challenges Obesity is a complex, multifactorial health condition characterized by an excessive amount of body fat, significantly impacting an individual’s overall health and well-being. Defined by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher, obesity has reached alarming prevalence rates worldwide, becoming a major public health concern. The World
Trilene anesthesia is a non-flammable, good analgesic-and cheap agent. Physical properties of trilene anesthesia : It has bp 80°C, VP 60 mm Hg, oil/gas coefficient 600 and blood/gas 12, metabolism 40%, unstable, preservative 1:10,000 thymol as stabilizer and coloured with waxoline blue 1 in 200,000, MAC 0.17%. Trilene anesthesia reacts with sodalime to produce phosgene
Desflurane mechanism of action is briefly studied. There is a dose-dependent suppression of EEG, at MAC greater than 1.66 the LEG becomes isoelectric. There is no evidence of epileptiform activity. It decreases the amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials. There is a dose-dependent decrease in cerebral metabolism and cerebral vasodilatation. Cerebral autoregulation is impaired similar to
