Fentanyl citrate injection is a potent narcotic analgesic and an opioid. It is said to be 100 times more potent than morphine and 1000 times more potent than pethidine. Fentanyl citrate injection effects It causes profound analgesia and sedation in a dose of 0.1 mg intramuscular. Like other narcotic analgesics it causes respiratory depression and is […]
The Respiratory Tract anatomy is very essential for understanding the functions of a lung and hence should be known to every doctor. The Respiratory Tract anatomy starts with the oropharynx and the nasopharynx which are spaces in the mouth and the nose that act as conduit for the respiratory gases. At carina trachea divides into
Introduction to Long-Term Venous Access Long-term venous access is a vital component of modern medical treatment, allowing healthcare providers to administer therapies over extended periods. This method is particularly significant in scenarios requiring frequent or continuous access to the bloodstream, such as chemotherapy for cancer patients, dialysis for those with kidney dysfunction, and long-term antibiotic
High Flow oxygen delivery devices are also called as fixed performance devices because their performance is not affected by changes in patient’s tidal volume and respiratory rate and therefore deliver accurate oxygen concentration. High Flow oxygen devices are more effective in treating hypoxemia then low flow systems. Disadvantages of High Flow oxygen devices are: a. Low patient
CEA Anesthesia or Carotid endarterectomy anesthesia can be general or regional or combined. Here is a discussion on the relative advantages and disadvantageous of the different types. Mc CaI Thyet al conducted a prospective, randomized trial investigating patient experience of CEA Anesthesia under local or general anesthesia in 176 patients and found that the recovery
Chronic pain is a persistent condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It can be debilitating and significantly impact a person’s quality of life. Fortunately, there are various strategies and approaches available to help manage chronic pain effectively. In this article, we will explore some of the commonly used chronic pain management strategies. 1. Medication:
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Functioning of Isoflurane cerebral blood flow is discussed here. Isoflurane reduces cerebral metabolism and so the oxygen consumption is reduced. At 1 MAC there is a 23% reduction in CMRO2. Isoflurane cerebral blood flow is not associated with seizure activity as opposed to Enflurane. The EEG shows progressive development of slow waves after an initial
Methoxyflurane even though being the most potent anesthetic gas to be discovered till now, its use can been restricted due to the different complications that can arise from its usage. Below is a brief discussion on this inhalational agent. Physical Properties of Methoxyflurane • It has sweet odor. • It is non irritant. • It
Introduction to Obesity and its Challenges Obesity is a complex, multifactorial health condition characterized by an excessive amount of body fat, significantly impacting an individual’s overall health and well-being. Defined by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher, obesity has reached alarming prevalence rates worldwide, becoming a major public health concern. The World
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a hypermetabolic disorder of skeletal muscle that is triggered in susceptible individuals by several inhalation anesthetic agents (sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, halothane, enflurane, and methoxyflurane) and succinylcholine. These anesthetic triggers cause intracellular hypercalcemia in skeletal muscle by decreasing the uptake of calcium by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The intracellular hypercalcemia activates metabolic pathways
