Lesions requiring Cranial Base Surgery represent a heterogeneous group of lesions and vascular malformations associated with cranial base bony structures. These pathologies provide a challenging situation for both neurosurgeon and neuroanaesthesiologist. There is abundance of structures especially vital centers in a relatively smaller infratentorial space. Many patients present with signs and symptoms of brain stem […]
Introduction to Pediatric Weight Calculation Calculating the body weight of pediatric patients is a crucial skill for healthcare providers, particularly in emergency situations. Accurate weight estimation not only facilitates proper medication dosing but also ensures appropriate fluid administration. To streamline this process, guidelines from both the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) program and the World
Body Weight Calculation in Pediatric Patients: PALS and WHO Guidelines Read More »
The reduced cerebrovascular resistance at the site of Arteriovenous Malformations AVMs lead to an increase in blood flow to this area and the formation of a lower resistance shunt along with peri-infarction oedema. They usually represent a high-flow and low-resistance shunts with systemic arterial pressure more than the vascular intramural pressure ; so, rupture does
Halothane neuromuscular junction effect produces moderate muscle relaxation, it increases the degree and duration of relaxation produced by nondepolarizing muscle relax- ants. The action is at the postjunctional membrane. There is relaxation of the uterine muscle, which is useful in podalic version procedure but may hinder uterine contraction postpartum. Halothane neuromuscular junction effect may produce
An important part of rapid sequence induction is Cricoid pressure was first described by Sellick in 1961, hence it is called as sellicks manoeuvre. The Cricoid pressure is used for the compession of the upper esophagus to close the aspiration of gastric contents during rapid sequence intubation. Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents occurs usually in
Fentanyl citrate injection is a potent narcotic analgesic and an opioid. It is said to be 100 times more potent than morphine and 1000 times more potent than pethidine. Fentanyl citrate injection effects It causes profound analgesia and sedation in a dose of 0.1 mg intramuscular. Like other narcotic analgesics it causes respiratory depression and is
Desflurane is an inhalational agent used in anesthesia that is similar to isoflurane except the chlorine atom of isoflurane is replaced by fluorine atom which produces significant changes in physical properties. Physical Properties of Desflurane : It is colorless liquid. Pungent odor, so induction is not pleasant. Vapor pressure of Desflurane is very high (681
Chronic pain is a persistent condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It can be debilitating and significantly impact a person’s quality of life. Fortunately, there are various strategies and approaches available to help manage chronic pain effectively. In this article, we will explore some of the commonly used chronic pain management strategies. 1. Medication:
Chronic Pain Management Strategies Commonly Used Read More »
One of the most dreaded Halothane Complications is hepatic injury. There are two types, the first which is a transient sub clinical type with increases in liver enzymes. Halothane Complications may occur due to decreased hepatic blood flow and reductive biotransformation. Secondly, fatal hepatic necrosis may occur up to one month after exposure. The National Halothane
Nasotracheal Intubation can be accomplished by special nasal tubes or by simple oral tubes. It is a specialized technique in which the Endotracheal tube is passed in to the larynx via the nose rather than the mouth. A first the tube size is selected, which should be a size less than that used in the
