Total dead space (Physiological dead space) = Anatomical dead space + Alveolar dead space. Anatomical Dead Space It is constituted by air which is not participating in diffusion. Therefore it is constituted by air present in nose, trachea and bronchial tree (up to terminal bronchioles). Normally it is 30% of tidal volume or 2 ml/kg or 150 ml. Anatomical dead
Anatomical dead space and its Anesthetic implications Read More »
Boyle’s law is an important gas law that states that at a constant temperature, the volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas. This means that when the temperature of a gas is kept constant, the relationship between Volume and pressure of a gas is inverse. Another way to put tis law
Some of the toxicity issues related to desflurane toxicity is that, renal toxicity is not reported even after prolonged exposures and markers of renal function (albuminuria, glucosuria, urinary p-glutathione transferase, serum creatinine and BUN) were not altered after 7 days of exposure to 8 hours MAC of 1.25% desflurane. Desflurane Toxicity might occur at certain
Cyclopropane is an anesthetic inhalational agent. It is a liquid agent stored in orange colored cylinders at 75 psi and delivered as gas. Among other halogenated inhalational agents used in anesthesia, Cyclopropane is one which is stored in cylinders at room temperature. Some of the important properties and characteristics of it are discussed below. • It is
Doxapram injection Doxapram is a specific respiratory stimulant. It stimulates the respiratory center preferentially and has relatively less effect on cortical and spinal sites. Following intravenous doxapram injection the drug stimulates ventilation and increases cardiac output and work. Doxapram dose It is given in a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg by intravenous injection. Intravenous infusion can also
There are several disadvantages of disadvantages of carbon dioxide : • High concentration causes narcosis. • It increases the cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure. • It stimulates sympathetic nervous system, which may be dangerous in some patients already having systemic hypertension or myocardial ischaemia. • It sensitizes myocardium to externally administered catecholamines. • It
When it comes to undergoing hip surgery, one of the critical decisions to make is the choice of anesthesia. Anesthesia plays a crucial role in ensuring a safe and comfortable surgical experience. Two common options for hip surgery are general anesthesia and regional anesthesia. In this article, we will explore the differences between these two
Choosing the Right Anesthesia for Hip Surgery: General vs. Regional Read More »
Laryngeal Mask Airway or LMA was discovered by Archies Brain so also called as a Brain Mask. LMA are special type of airways which are useful in difficult intubation. It is placed blindly in the oropharynx and the cuff is inflated with large volume of air tat is about 30 to 40 ml for a
Acoustic Surgery can be accomplished with suboccipital, translabyrinthine and middle fossa approaches. The sitting, supine, lateral or park-bench position can be used for the suboccipital approach. Small or medium sized tumours are associated with essentially no mortality, whereas large tumors (>4 cm) have mortality rates of 2-4%. Compromise of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery and
Enflurane Structure is a halogenated methyl ethyl ether and is an isomer of isoflurane. Enflurane structure makes it a colourless liquid, noncorrosive to aluminium, iron as well as copper, non-flammable, stable to light and UV light, does not need a chemical stabilizer. Physical properties: The bp is 56.5°C, The SVP 172 mm Hg (22.9 kPa),
