Halothane is a widely used inhalational agent. Physical Properties of Halothane : It is colorless liquid, volatile anesthetic. Pleasant to smell so excellent for induction in children. Stored in amber colored bottles and contains thymol 0.01% as preservative (to prevent decomposition by light). Non inflammable, non explosive. Nonirritant, so induction is very smooth. Boiling point […]
Fentanyl citrate injection is a potent narcotic analgesic and an opioid. It is said to be 100 times more potent than morphine and 1000 times more potent than pethidine. Fentanyl citrate injection effects It causes profound analgesia and sedation in a dose of 0.1 mg intramuscular. Like other narcotic analgesics it causes respiratory depression and is
Desflurane inhalation agent was synthesized by Dr Terell (1992) among 600 compounds. Desflurane inhalation agent is a halogenated ether. It has the lowest blood/gas solubility coefficient amongst all inhalation agents, including N20, hence quick induction and recovery. Et does not contain chlorine or bromine, so it does not deplete ozone layer in the atmosphere. Physical
Functioning of Isoflurane cerebral blood flow is discussed here. Isoflurane reduces cerebral metabolism and so the oxygen consumption is reduced. At 1 MAC there is a 23% reduction in CMRO2. Isoflurane cerebral blood flow is not associated with seizure activity as opposed to Enflurane. The EEG shows progressive development of slow waves after an initial
There is rapid desflurane induction of anesthesia because of low solubility in blood, but a mask induction may produce coughing, breath holding, secretions and desaturation. Also the high initial percentage of desflurane induction may cause tachycardia and hypertension due to sympathetic effects. It is not recommended for inhalation induction. Recovery from desflurane induction is faster
Anesthesia for Interventional Neuroradiology has progressed from minimally invasive therapy to complex interventional radiology. In the past, anesthesiologists used to be called for resuscitation after some catastrophe had occurred. Interventional neuroradiology (or endovascular neurosurgery) is the radiologically guided endovascular approach to lesions of the central nervous system or its related circulatory structures to deliver therapeutic
Lesions requiring Cranial Base Surgery represent a heterogeneous group of lesions and vascular malformations associated with cranial base bony structures. These pathologies provide a challenging situation for both neurosurgeon and neuroanaesthesiologist. There is abundance of structures especially vital centers in a relatively smaller infratentorial space. Many patients present with signs and symptoms of brain stem
Laryngeal Mask Airway or LMA was discovered by Archies Brain so also called as a Brain Mask. LMA are special type of airways which are useful in difficult intubation. It is placed blindly in the oropharynx and the cuff is inflated with large volume of air tat is about 30 to 40 ml for a
Some disadvantages of volatile anesthetics are listed here. • Poor oxygen availability is one of the disadvantages of volatile anesthetics ; hypoxic insults are poorly tolerated due to dilution of air-oxygen mixture by ethe’ vapour. • Patient breathes dry air because water vapour in the air condenses on the mask due to low temperature because
Desflurane mechanism of action is briefly studied. There is a dose-dependent suppression of EEG, at MAC greater than 1.66 the LEG becomes isoelectric. There is no evidence of epileptiform activity. It decreases the amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials. There is a dose-dependent decrease in cerebral metabolism and cerebral vasodilatation. Cerebral autoregulation is impaired similar to
