The effect of Halothane on the liver is that it causes hepatitis called as halothane hepatitis. Incidence of massive hepatic necrosis as a result of halothane hepatitis is 1 in 35,000. Risk factors for halothane hepatitis are: Multiple exposures is single most important factor. Hypoxia. Middle age. Obesity. Females. Patient with other autoimmune diseases. Pathologic […]
What is Buprenorphine injection? Is it an opiod? Buprenorphine is derived from the opium alkaloid thebaine and is closely related to morphine. It has powerful opiod agonist actions as well as partial opiod antagonist actions. It does not seem to cause addiction and physical dependence. Buprenorphine injection Potency It is a potent analgesic, 0.4 mg is equipotent
The purpose of preoxygenation of a patient before induction of general anesthesia and paralysis is to provide a maximum time that the patient can tolerate apnea. Normal oxygen consumption in a healthy adult is about 250 ml / min desaturations oxygen can occur as quickly as 30-60 seconds in a healthy adult with the FRC
Trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene is also called as Trilene. It is an inhalational anesthetic gas, which was widely used until recently. It is still used in some developing countries because of its cheap cost compared to the other halogenated inhalational anesthetics. Trichloroethylene Physical Properties • It is colorless liquid. • Odor is sweet. • Mildly irritant. •
Halothane Malignant hyperthermia syndrome may be triggered by halothane, it is an autosomal dominant inherited condition. There is a massive release of intracellular calcium from the sarcoplasm of the muscle. An increased metabolism results in rise in temperature of 2°C per hour, severe acidzsis, rhabdomyolysis, with associated hyperkalaemia. Mortality is 70%. Treatment is by active
Anesthesia Physics are the very basics that involve the application of the laws of physics in anesthesia. Some knowledge of Physics is very important for anesthetists in their daily practice. The following are the important gas laws in Anesthesia Physics: BOYLE’S LAW At a constant temperature, volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure CHARLE’S LAW
The endotracheal tube position should always be confirmed because the correct placement of the tube is essential for proper ventilation of a person. If the endotracheal tube position is not correct within no time the patient can become hypoxic due to the unavailability of oxygen to the lungs. The tube may be wrongly placed in
A lot of anesthetic gases can be dangerous when used in a low alveolar ventilation anesthesia. This is because the anesthetic gases can combine with soda lime or other components of the boyles machine and produce poisonous gases. It is also known as low flow anesthesia where low fresh gas flow is set in a closed circuit or a semi closed
General Anesthesia mask is used to ventilate the patient without intubation or before intubation. The mask significantly increases amount of dead space. These are available in sizes from 0 to 4 numbers. Face mask should be made of antistatic rubber. At the bottom of General Anesthesia mask there is air filled cuff which has soft cushioning effect.
Hepatotoxicily has been seen since the introduction of anesthetics. Chloroform and trichloroethylene have been abandoned for toxicity of inhalational anesthesia . The toxicity may be intrinsic as seen with Chloroform or acetaminophen. Halothane exhibits an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction to a drug metabolite protein. The toxicity of inhalational anesthesia with the incidence of liver injury is Halothane> Isoflurane
