Synthetic oxygen carriers are also called as artificial blood or substitute blood. The Synthetic oxygen carriers are substances that can be used as alternatives to blood, when blood is required to be transfused to a patient. These Synthetic oxygen carriers or artificial blood is especially useful if due to some reason compatible blood is not […]
In the atmosphere it is present in the concentration of 0.003%. It is stored as high pressure gas in the cylinders. There are several effects of helium Inhalation . The medical diagnostic utility is secondary to its low density, insolubility and thermal conductivity. • Molecular weight is 4. • Specific gravity is 176. • It
The capacity of deliberate Brain Hypothermia to protect the brain and other vital organs during periods of decreased oxygen delivery is used during cardiac surgery. The beneficial effects of Brain Hypothermia were empirically attributed to its ability to decrease cellular metabolism and thus delay the processes leading to irreversible cell death. Based on this, it
According to the chest pain guidelines the faster the diagnosis can be made and the occlusion reversed, the more likely the patient is to salvage myocardial tissue and benefit from improved outcomes. Cardiovascular disease is a dominant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and acute myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the
Heliox is a mixture of Helium and oxygen being considered for use in asthma patients. Therapeutic strategies for patients with pulmonary medicine often employ bronchodilators or corticosteroids to reduce airway resistance and improve airflow. As an alternative strategy, viscosity and density of the atmosphere manipulated to the same desired effect. Air consists of 21% oxygen, with
Cyanide Toxicity can occur with sodium nitroprusside. Hypertension is commonly seen in the perioperative setting as well as the intensive care unit (ICU). There are many agents to lower blood pressure with different mechanisms of action. One of the most potent vasodilators is sodium nitroprusside, which causes arteriolar and venous smooth muscle relaxation via nitric oxide-mediated
The astute clinician will recognize that although a common cause of fever in the ICU is infection, many cases are of noninfectious fever. Fever in the intensive care unit (ICU) patient is a common problem that results in the performance of many diagnostics tests. This increases both the costs of medical care and the exposure
Cerebral ischaemia or hypoxia may occur as a consequence of shock, vascular stenosis or occlusion, vasospasm, neurotrauma and cardiac arrest. Strategies to protect the brain i.e Cerebral protection from ischemic/hypoxic insults are based on the understanding of pathophysiological processes that follow ischemia/hypoxia to result in neuronal death. Neurologic morbidity is common in those patients experiencing
A common mistake made by many clinicians is that they confuse cardiac output for Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction. Lets see how Cardiac Output is not Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction . Cardiac output equals the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute, whereas stroke volume (SV) is the amount pumped on a single beat. Cardiac output
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Hyperbaric Oxygen means delivering the oxygen above atmospheric pressure which is 760 mmHg (or 1 atm). Special hyperbaric chambers are made for providing hyperbaric Oxygen, which are very expensive. Hyperbaric Oxygen Uses A. Poisonings: Carbon monoxide poisoning (half life of CO at 1 atm is 214 minutes which can be reduced to 19 minutes at
