Intubation contraindications can be divided into those Both Nasal and Oral lntubation and those for Nasal Intubation. Both Nasal and Oral lntubation Contraindications • Laryngeal edema. • Epiglottitis. • Laryngotracheobronchitis This is one among the important Intubation Contraindications. In these conditions the airway is already compromised giving very little place for the endotracheal Tube to […]
Entotracheal intubation is a life saving technique used frequently in emergencies and in operation theaters. Hence, the Intubation Indications need to be known to all doctors. The Major intubation indications are as follows: For ventilation of the patient: When the patient is unconscious or in a state of apnoea, where he is not breathing, Intubation
Nasotracheal Intubation can be accomplished by special nasal tubes or by simple oral tubes. It is a specialized technique in which the Endotracheal tube is passed in to the larynx via the nose rather than the mouth. A first the tube size is selected, which should be a size less than that used in the
Spirometer is the instrument used to measure following lung volumes. Normal Spirometry Values are very important and a good doctor especially an anesthetist should always remember the approximate values of them. The Normal Spirometry Values are: • Tidal volume is 400 to 500 ml (10 mI/kg). • Inspiratory reserve volume is is 2,400 to 2,600
Surgery for small bowel obstruction is a very common emergency operation done in many hospitals. Intestinal obstruction is a blockage of your small intestine or colon that can prevent food and liquid through it. Intestinal obstruction can occur due to a number of conditions, including attachments in the abdominal tissue (adhesions), hernias and tumours or fibrous
The Bronchopulmonary Segments are the functional units of the lungs involved in he gaseous exchange. The lungs have the following Bronchopulmonary Segments on the right side: 1 Right main bronchus 2. Right upper lobe bronchus 3. Right middle lobe bronchus 4. Right lower lobe bronchus 5. Apical segment bronchus 6. Posterior segment bronchus 7. Anterior
The Respiratory Tract anatomy is very essential for understanding the functions of a lung and hence should be known to every doctor. The Respiratory Tract anatomy starts with the oropharynx and the nasopharynx which are spaces in the mouth and the nose that act as conduit for the respiratory gases. At carina trachea divides into
The Upper Respiratory Anatomy starts with the nose, which is an essential organ for breathing and conditioning of the air. The main respiratory functions of the nose are to provide passage to the air as well as the warming and moistening of the air. The next part is the pharynx, which is further divided into
The Poynting effect refers to the phenomenon where mixing of liquid nitrous oxide at low pressure with oxygen at high pressure (in Entonox) leads to formation of gas of nitrous oxide. So oxygen and nitrous oxide both are present in gaseous state in Entonox cylinder. In anesthesia practice the Poynting effect is seen in the
Anesthesia Physics are the very basics that involve the application of the laws of physics in anesthesia. Some knowledge of Physics is very important for anesthetists in their daily practice. The following are the important gas laws in Anesthesia Physics: BOYLE’S LAW At a constant temperature, volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure CHARLE’S LAW
